Recovery of Marine Resources: From Exploitation to Regeneration

The article analyzes the transition from a traditional model of marine resource exploitation toward systemic regeneration. The author emphasizes the difference between stabilizing degradation and actual system recovery, warning against the phenomenon of shifting baselines. It proposes moving away from reductionist indicators (e.g., stock biomass) in favor of multidimensional Ecosystem-Based Management (EBM) frameworks. This approach integrates ecology, economics, and social well-being using multi-objective optimization. Instead of searching for a single point of maximum sustainable yield, the EBM system aims to define fishing effort ranges that balance biological, ecosystem, and socio-economic functions, ensuring the lasting resilience of marine ecosystems.